By: Lt Col JS Sodhi (Retd), Editor, GSDN

Human Rights Watch (HRW) has recently released a report criticizing the Indian government’s actions in Jammu and Kashmir, five years following the revocation of the region’s special autonomous status. The report claims that the Indian government has failed to restore freedoms of speech and association, and it accuses the government of continuing repressive practices such as arbitrary detention and extrajudicial killings. However, examining the situation more closely reveals a narrative that contradicts these allegations and underscores the progress made in the region.

The Indian government’s revocation of Article 370 on August 5, 2019 aimed to integrate Jammu and Kashmir more closely with the rest of India, intending to foster economic development and stability. While the decision met some resistance, it has also led to notable positive changes.

Contrary to the claims in HRW’s report, there has been a noticeable decline in militant activities and overall violence in the region, as evidenced by data from various sources. The reduction in civilian and security personnel casualties highlights the improved security situation, achieved through strategic measures and effective governance, contributing to a safer environment for residents and tourists alike.

Recent events, such as a grand gathering at Government Degree College (GDC) Shopian on August 3, 2024 demonstrate the restoration of normalcy and economic development. This event, organized by the South Asia Centre for Peace and People’s Empowerment in collaboration with GDC Shopian, saw hundreds of students, academicians, journalists, and others discuss peace, nation-building, and positive developments post-Article 370 abrogation. The event took place in a district that was once a hub of anti-India activities and a no-go area for such constructive gatherings.

Jammu and Kashmir have experienced a resurgence in tourism, commerce, and development activities, contrary to claims of an oppressive environment. Official figures show that the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) has doubled to over Rs 2.25 lakh crore from Rs 1 lakh crore before the abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019. The government’s focus on infrastructure development has led to improved connectivity, enhanced healthcare facilities, and better educational opportunities. Initiatives to promote tourism and local industries have boosted the economy and created employment opportunities for the youth. The recent investment by Emaar in Jammu and Kashmir, totalling Rs 500 crore, exemplifies this progress, with Rs 250 crore allocated for a mega-mall and additional investments for IT towers, expected to create over 10,000 jobs.

While HRW’s report emphasizes allegations of arbitrary detention and suppression of free expression, it is important to acknowledge the legal and administrative mechanisms in place to address such issues. The Indian judiciary remains independent, offering a platform for grievance redressal and ensuring accountability. Allegations of human rights violations are investigated, and appropriate actions are taken against those found guilty. The detentions of lawyers often involve individuals linked to anti-state activities and connections with the hardline Hurriyat Conference.

The Indian government’s efforts to empower local governance and enhance democratic participation are noteworthy. Elections to local bodies and the formation of the Union Territory of Ladakh have allowed for greater representation and decision-making at the grassroots level. This decentralization of power ensures that the voices of the people are heard and their aspirations are met.

The government prioritizes the safety and security of minority communities, including the Kashmiri Pandits. Efforts are underway to facilitate the return of displaced families and address their security concerns. Various schemes have been implemented to provide housing and employment opportunities to those affected by past conflicts.

The portrayal of Jammu and Kashmir as a region plagued by repression and human rights abuses fails to acknowledge the significant progress made in recent years. The Indian government’s efforts to restore normalcy, promote economic development, and ensure citizens’ rights reflect a commitment to the welfare of the people of Jammu and Kashmir. While challenges persist, recognizing the strides made toward peace and prosperity in the region is essential. Rather than succumbing to a narrative of perpetual conflict, it is crucial to acknowledge and support the positive transformations in Jammu and Kashmir.

The government’s decision to shut down the internet in Jammu and Kashmir between 2019 and 2021, while controversial, was a security measure aimed at maintaining peace and preventing the spread of misinformation during the sensitive period. The restrictions were a response to concerns about potential violence and unrest following the abrogation of Article 370. It is important to note that the government has since made significant strides in restoring and improving internet services in the region, recognizing the essential role of connectivity in modern life. High-speed internet services have been installed, enabling better access to information, education, healthcare, and economic opportunities. This development has facilitated digital inclusion and empowered local communities by providing them with the tools needed to engage with the broader world, thus fostering socio-economic growth. The move towards improving internet infrastructure reflects the government’s commitment to integrating Jammu and Kashmir into the digital economy and enhancing the quality of life for its residents.

The conclusion of the Human Rights Watch report on Jammu and Kashmir should consider substantive progress made since the revocation of Article 370. After revocation of Article 370 initiatives have led to a marked decrease in violence and increased economic development, which indicates a movement towards normalcy and integration with broader India. These achievements, along with efforts to improve connectivity, healthcare, and educational opportunities, showcase a commitment to enhancing the lives of Jammu and Kashmir’s residents.